Travelling through Turkey by road is a rich and rewarding experience, especially for American visitors eager to discover both iconic sights and hidden gems. With its unique blend of ancient heritage, vibrant cities, and breathtaking natural beauty, the country offers endless opportunities for exploration. A road trip allows travellers the freedom to shape their journey, follow their rhythm, and stop wherever curiosity leads. From the storied streets of Istanbul to the dreamlike landscapes of Cappadocia, each destination offers something unforgettable. Now, let’s uncover the highlights that make a Turkish road adventure truly special!
The journey begins in Istanbul, the beating heart of Turkey. As the only city in the world that spans two continents—Europe and Asia—it is a vibrant mix of cultures, traditions, and architecture. American tourists will find familiar comforts here but also countless opportunities to experience the unfamiliar and intriguing. Istanbul’s historic centre, Sultanahmet, is home to some of the country’s most recognisable landmarks.
The Hagia Sophia, once a cathedral and later a mosque, now functions as a mosque again but is open to visitors. Its enormous dome, mosaics, and layered history reflect the city’s complex past. Just across from it stands the Blue Mosque, famous for its six minarets and beautifully tiled interior. The Topkapi Palace, once the residence of Ottoman sultans, offers a look into imperial luxury. The Basilica Cistern—an underground water storage structure—adds a mysterious, cinematic element to any visit.
Beyond these main sites, Istanbul invites exploration through its neighbourhoods. The Grand Bazaar is a labyrinth of shops selling everything from spices to ceramics. Cross the Galata Bridge to discover Beyoğlu, known for its cafés, shops, and the historic Galata Tower. Don’t miss a ferry ride on the Bosphorus, where you can enjoy tea while floating between continents. After spending two or three days soaking in Istanbul’s rich culture and history, it’s time to begin the road journey eastward. For a deeper look at what makes this city so captivating, explore our Comprehensive Guide to Turkey’s Vibrant Metropolis.
Leaving Istanbul, the route leads to Ankara, the capital city and a significant centre of government, culture, and modern Turkish identity. Though often overlooked by tourists, Ankara offers important insights into the country’s contemporary development. The main attraction is Anıtkabir, the mausoleum of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, founder of the Republic of Turkey.
The monument is imposing, dignified, and surrounded by tranquil gardens and informative museums about Atatürk’s life and Turkey’s early republic years. For history lovers, the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations is a must-see. Located at the foot of the ancient Ankara Castle, it houses artefacts from various civilisations that have lived in Anatolia, including the Hittites and Phrygians. Ankara is a practical stop where tourists can refuel, stock up on essentials, and enjoy local cuisine before heading into the more rural heart of the country.
From Ankara, the road to Cappadocia winds through central Anatolia, a region known for its arid beauty and otherworldly landscapes. Cappadocia is like nowhere else on Earth. The land is sculpted into natural rock formations often called "fairy chimneys" due to their curious, conical shapes. These formations are the result of ancient volcanic activity and millennia of erosion.
Goreme, the central town in Cappadocia, is an excellent base. Visitors can stay in traditional cave hotels—rooms carved directly into the rock. These unique accommodations combine comfort with cultural authenticity. Early morning hot-air balloon rides are a popular activity here. Dozens of balloons rise at sunrise, offering spectacular views of the valleys and rock formations bathed in golden light.
There are many historic and geological sites scattered throughout the region. The Göreme Open Air Museum is a UNESCO World Heritage site that contains ancient churches, chapels, and monasteries carved into stone. Many still bear faded frescoes painted by early Christians who used the region as a refuge from persecution. The underground cities of Derinkuyu and Kaymakli are equally fascinating.
These vast subterranean networks were once used as shelters during times of invasion and could house thousands of people. Driving through Cappadocia’s valleys—like Love Valley, Rose Valley, and Ihlara Valley—offers stunning scenery at every turn. The region encourages unhurried exploration, with plenty of opportunities to stop for photos, hikes, and meals in small local restaurants.
Heading southwest from Cappadocia, travellers can reach Konya. This ancient city is best known as the home of Jalal ad-Din Rumi, the 13th-century Sufi poet and philosopher whose works continue to inspire people around the world. The Mevlana Museum is dedicated to Rumi and the Mevlevi Order of Whirling Dervishes. His tomb, located in the museum, is a place of spiritual significance.
The museum also contains exhibits related to Islamic mysticism, Sufi music, and Turkish calligraphy. Every December, the city hosts the annual Whirling Dervish Festival, which attracts visitors from around the world. Konya is also known for its conservative culture, yet visitors are welcomed warmly. Its pedestrian streets, traditional markets, and friendly tea houses make it a pleasant and peaceful stop.
Heading southwest, you’ll reach Pamukkale, one of Turkey’s most beautiful natural sites. Its name means “Cotton Castle” in Turkish, inspired by the white terraces formed by mineral-rich hot springs. Over thousands of years, these springs created bright turquoise pools that flow down the hillside like frozen waterfalls.
At the top of the terraces sits the ancient city of Hierapolis, once a Greco-Roman spa town. Visitors can explore its well-preserved ruins, including a large theatre, a necropolis (ancient cemetery), and the Temple of Apollo. There’s also a special pool where you can swim among fallen Roman columns—believed to be part of Cleopatra’s spa. Pamukkale offers both natural beauty and fascinating history, making it an ideal stop to unwind while still connecting with Turkey’s ancient past.
A few hours west of Pamukkale lies Ephesus, one of the most impressive ancient cities in the Mediterranean region. As a former Greek and Roman metropolis, Ephesus gives visitors a sense of what urban life was like thousands of years ago. The main street, paved with marble and flanked by columns, leads to iconic structures like the Library of Celsus, one of the best-preserved ancient libraries in the world.
The Grand Theatre, which once held 25,000 spectators, still hosts concerts today. Walking through Ephesus is like stepping back in time, with every corner revealing remnants of temples, baths, houses, and marketplaces. The nearby town of Selçuk offers convenient accommodation, and the coastal resort town of Kusadasi is ideal for those wishing to enjoy the Aegean Sea after a long road journey. From here, one can savour fresh seafood, lounge on the beach, or take a short boat trip to nearby islands. To explore more of the ancient magic in this region, be sure to read our Journeying Through the Timeless Wonders of Ephesus.
If time allows, an extension to the south coast brings you to Antalya and the famed Turquoise Coast. This region boasts dramatic cliffs, golden beaches, and crystal-clear waters. The Old Town of Antalya is charming, with cobblestone streets, Ottoman-era houses, and a vibrant harbour.
Nearby attractions include the ancient cities of Perge and Aspendos, the latter known for having one of the best-preserved Roman theatres in the world. Further along the coast, Olympos and Cirali offer natural beauty and ancient ruins in a more relaxed, rustic setting. For those seeking a blend of culture, relaxation, and seaside scenery, this route is recommended.
Exploring Turkey by car offers unmatched flexibility, especially for travellers keen on discovering both famous landmarks and hidden gems. With long distances between major sites and limited public transport in rural or mountainous areas, renting a vehicle makes your journey smoother, more comfortable, and far more personalised.
Renting a car turns your trip into a more immersive experience. From the comfort of your vehicle, you can follow scenic routes, explore remote villages, and make the most of every moment in Turkey.
Turkey is a country of contrasts and wonders. From ancient cities to natural marvels, from vibrant urban life to quiet coastal towns, the experiences it offers are both broad and deep. For American tourists who want to experience more than just the typical sights, travelling by road is one of the most rewarding ways to see Turkey. With good roads, modern services, and welcoming locals, the journey is as enjoyable as the destinations themselves. Rent a car in Turkey to unlock this freedom—take your time, be open to discovery, and savour the adventure of the open road. Turkey is waiting.
